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Cedid Atlas (or ''Atlas-ı Cedid'') is the first published atlas in the Muslim world, printed and published in 1803 in Istanbul, then the capital of the Ottoman Empire.〔(First Printed Atlas in the Muslim World ) 〕〔(Antique Maps - Timeline of Cartography )〕〔(The First World Atlas Printed by Muslims (April 1803 – March 1804) )〕 The full title name of the atlas reads as ''Cedid Atlas Tercümesi'' (meaning, literally, ''"A Translation of a New Atlas"'') and in most libraries outside Turkey, it is recorded and referenced accordingly. Although manuscripts and hand-drawn maps were widely available throughout the Muslim world, due mainly to religious reasons, the printing of books started only in 1729 by Ibrahim Muteferrika and the ''Cedid Atlas'' could only be published in 1803 by Müderris Abdurrahman Efendi in a style based on European geographical knowledge as well as European map-making methods of the day.〔 The ''Cedid Atlas'' includes a monochrome celestial chart and 24 hand-coloured copper engraved maps 〔Beydilli(1995) 〕 of various parts of the world; the celestial chart and maps measure at least (53 cm by 72 cm) and all the maps are actually adaptations 〔(Artifacts from the New Order )〕 of William Faden's 〔(William Faden's Biography )〕 ''General Atlas''. The maps are preceded by a (1+79) page-long treatise of geography, "Ucalet-ül Coğrafiye" by Mahmud Raif Efendi 〔(Mahmud Raif Efendi As The Chief Secretary of Yusuf Agah Efendi, The First Permanent Ottoman-Turkish Ambassador to London (1793-1797) )〕〔(Mahmud Raif Efendi's Ucalet-ül Coğrafiye ) 〕 and a title page. The "Ucalet-ül Coğrafiye" of Mahmud Raif Efendi was printed one year later, in 1804, and bound together with the atlas.〔(Ottoman Statesmen: Mahmud Raif Efendi ) 〕 From a point of view of art, the atlas is notable for the color of the maps as well as the beauty of the script on the maps.〔("In this map, it's still Constantinople" (The Times, Trenton, New Jersey) )〕 The ''Cedid Atlas'' was published in parallel with the developments of the Ottoman Empire's Nizam-ı Cedid, the "New-Order" or the "New System" ("Cedid" means "new" and "Nizam" means "system", "regime", or "order") and its title-name reflects this clearly. The atlas was new in terms of cartographical knowledge and well suited to the new system which tried to introduce new institutions into the Ottoman Empire while trying to replace existing ones with contemporary counterparts from the West. Introduced by the ruling padishah (the sultan) of the Ottoman Empire, Selim III, the "New-Order" included a series of reforms which mainly modernized and changed the structure of the then existing Ottoman army and changed the administrative structure of the Empire. It was an effort to catch up with technical, military, economic, and administrative achievements of the West against which the Ottoman Empire was losing grounds since the 17th century. New military and engineering schools were established and governmental units related with the foreign relations and affairs were re-organized to align with the new system. For these schools, governmental units, and the wholly re-organized army reformed according to the European practice, a new understanding and applications of geography of the standards of the West were necessary and the ''Cedid Atlas'' was translated and printed for this purpose. Only 50 copies of this atlas (measuring 36 cm x 53 cm) were printed at the press. A copy was presented to Selim III; several copies were also presented to the high-ranking officials of the Empire, some were reserved for the library of Muhendishane (military engineering school of the time), and the remaining were reserved for sale. However, during the "Alemdar Vakası", an uprising of the janissaries in Istanbul during November 15–18, 1808,〔Kinross(1977), pp 431-434.〕 a fire at the warehouse of the press destroyed an unknown (unaccounted) number of the copies reserved for sale.〔(Municipality of Usküdar-Istanbul ) 〕 Based on several estimates and accounting for the single maps (torn-out from bound volumes of the atlas) sold or being sold worldwide, it is believed that a maximum of 20 complete examples could be present in libraries or in private collections 〔(Paulus Swaen Old Map Galleries )〕 whereas some sources suggest that there exist only 10 complete and intact copies in the world.〔〔〔(Newly acquired: Cedid Atlas Tercümesi (Istanbul, 1803) )〕〔(The New Great Atlas : Istanbul, 1803-1804 )〕 As such, it's one of the rarest printed atlases of historical value.〔〔〔〔〔(National Library of Australia Maps From Cedid Atlas )〕 ==Other names== A few sources outside Turkey and the Muslim world also refer to this atlas as the ''New Great Atlas''.〔 In Turkey, since the printing press of the book was located in the historical Üsküdar (Scutari) region (now a municipality) of Istanbul, the atlas sometimes is referred to as the ''Üsküdar Atlası''.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cedid Atlas」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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